JOINT DECLARATION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON THE QUESTION OF HONG KONG ——附加英文版
the Government of the People's Republic of China,Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
JOINT DECLARATION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON THE QUESTION OF HONG KONG
WHOLE DOCUMENT
Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland
the Government of the People's Republic of China have reviewed
with
sfaction the friendly relations existing between the two
Governments
peoples in recent years and agreed that a proper negotiated
settlement
he question of Hong Kong, which is left over from the past, is
con-
ve to the maintenance of the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong
and
he further strengthening and development of the relations between
the
countries on a new basis. To this end, they have, after talks
between
delegations of the two Governments, agreed to declare as follows:
he Government of the People's Republic of China declares
that to
ver the Hong Kong area (including Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and
the
Territories, hereinafter referred to as Hong Kong) is the
common
ration of the entire Chinese people, and that it has decided to
resume
exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong with effect from 1 July
1997.
he Government of the United Kingdom declares that it will restore
Hong
to the People's Republic of China with effect from 1 July 1997.
he Government of the People's Republic of China declares
that the
c policies of the People's Republic of China regarding Hong Kong
are
ollows:
Upholding national unity and territorial integrity and taking
account
he history of Hong Kong and its realities, the People's
Republic of
a has decided to establish, in accordance with the
provisions of
cle 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, a
Hong
Special Administrative Region upon resuming the
exercise of
reignty over Hong Kong.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will be directly
under the
ority of the Central People's Government of the People's
Republic of
a. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will enjoy
a high
ee of autonomy, except in foreign and defence affairs which are
the
onsibilities of the Central People's Government.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will be
vested with
utive, legislative and independent judicial power, including
that of
l adjudication. The laws currently in force in Hong Kong will
remain
cally unchanged.
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
will be
osed of local inhabitants. The chief executive will be
appointed by
Central People's Government on the basis of the results of
elections
onsultations to be held locally. Principal officials will be
nominated
he chief executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
for
intment by the Central People's Government. Chinese and
foreign
onals previously working in the public and police services
in the
rnment departments of Hong Kong may remain in employment. British
and
r foreign nationals may also be employed to serve as advisers or
hold
ain public posts in government departments of the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region.
The current social and economic systems in Hong Kong will
remain
anged, and so will the life-style. Rights and freedoms,
including
e of the person, of speech, of the press, of assembly, of
association,
ravel, of movement, of correspondence, of strike, of
choice of
pation, of academic research and of religious belief will be
ensured
aw in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Private
property,
rship of enterprises, legitimate right of inheritance and
foreign
stment will be protected by law.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will retain the
status of
ee port and a separate customs territory.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will retain the
status of
nternational financial centre, and its markets for foreign
exchange,
, securities and futures will continue. There will be free
flow of
tal. The Hong Kong dollar will continue to circulate and remain
freely
ertible.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will have
independent
nces. The Central People's Government will not levy taxes on the
Hong
Special Administrative Region.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may establish
mutually
ficial economic relations with the United Kingdom and other
countries,
e economic interests in Hong Kong will be given due regard.
Using the name of "Hong Kong, China", the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region may on its own maintain and develop
economic and
ural relations and conclude relevant agreements with states,
regions
relevant international organizations. The Government of the
Hong Kong
ial Administrative Region may on its own issue travel
documents for
y into and exit from Hong Kong.
The maintenance of public order in the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region will be the responsibility of the Government
of the
Kong Special Administrative Region.
The above-stated basic policies of the People's Republic of
China
rding Hong Kong and the elaboration of them in Annex I to this
Joint
aration will be stipulated, in a Basic Law of the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region of the People's Republic of China, by the
National
le's Congress of the People's Republic of China, and they will
remain
anged for 50 years.
he Government of the United Kingdom and the Government of the
People's
blic of China declare that, during the transitional period
between the
of the entry into force of this Joint Declaration and 30 June
1997,
Government of the United Kingdom will be responsible
for the
nistration of Hong Kong with the object of maintaining and
preserving
economic prosperity and social stability; and that the
Government of
People's Republic of China will give its cooperation
in this
ection.
he Government of the United Kingdom and the Government of the
People's
blic of China declare that, in order to ensure a smooth
transfer of
rnment in 1997, and with a view to the effective
implementation of
Joint Declaration, a Sino-British Joint Liaison Group will be set
up
this Joint Declaration enters into force; and that it
will be
blished and will function in accordance with the provisions of
Annex
o this Joint Declaration.
he Government of the United Kingdom and the Government of the
People's
blic of China declare that land leases in Hong Kong and other
related
ers will be dealt with in accordance with the provisions of Annex
III
his Joint Declaration.
he Government of the United Kingdom and the Government of the
People's
blic of China agree to implement the preceding declarations
and the
xes to this Joint Declaration.
his Joint Declaration is subject to ratification and shall enter
into
e on the date of the exchange of instruments of ratification,
which
l take place in Beijing before 30 June 1985. This Joint
Declaration
its Annexes shall be equally binding. Done in duplicate at
Beijing on
ecember 1984 in the English and Chinese languages, both texts
being
lly authentic.
the For the
rnment of the United Kingdom Government of the
reat Britain and Northern Ireland People's Republic of China
rate Thatcher Zhao Ziyang
ANNEX I: ELABORATION BY THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
CHINA OF ITS BASIC POLICIES REGARDING HONG KONG
Government of the People's Republic of China elaborates the
basic
cies of the People's Republic of China regarding Hong Kong as set
out
aragraph 3 of the Joint Declaration of the Government of the
United
dom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of
the
le's Republic of China on the Question of Hong Kong as follows:
Constitution of the People's Republic of China stipulates in
Article
hat "the state may establish special administrative
regions when
ssary. The systems to be instituted in special administrative
regions
l be prescribed by laws enacted by the National People's
Congress in
light of the specific conditions." In accordance with this
Article,
People's Republic of China shall, upon the resumption of the
exercise
overeignty over Hong Kong on 1 July 1997, establish the Hong
Kong
ial Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China.
The
onal People's Congress of the People's Republic of China shall
enact
promulgate a Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region
he People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the
Basic
in accordance with the Constitution of the People's
Republic of
a, stipulating that after the establishment of the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region the socialist system and socialist policies
shall
be practised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and
that
Kong's previous capitalist system and life-style shall
remain
anged for 50 years.
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be directly
under the
ority of the Central People's Government of the People's
Republic of
a and shall enjoy a high degree of autonomy. Except for foreign
and
nce affairs which are the responsibilities of the Central
People's
rnment, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be
vested
executive, legislative and independent judicial power, including
that
inal adjudication. The Central People's Government shall
authorise the
Kong Special Administrative Region to conduct on its own
those
rnal affairs specified in Section XI of this Annex.
government and legislature of the Hong Kong Special
Administrative
on shall be composed of local inhabitants. The chief executive
of the
Kong Special Administrative Region shall be selected by
election or
ugh consultations held locally and be appointed by the
Central
le's Government. Principal officials (equivalent to Secretaries)
shall
nominated by the chief executive of the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region and appointed by the Central People's
Government.
legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
shall be
tituted by elections. The executive authorities shall abide by
the law
shall be accountable to the legislature.
ddition to Chinese, English may also be used in organs of
government
in the courts in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
t from displaying the national flag and national emblem
of the
le's Republic of China, the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region
use a regional flag and emblem of its own.
r the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region,
laws previously in force in Hong Kong (i. e. the common law, rules
of
ty, ordinances, subordinate legislation and customary law)
shall be
tained, save for any that contravene the Basic Law and subject
to any
dment by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region legislature.
The
slative power of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
shall be
ed in the Legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region.
legislature may on its own authority enact laws in accordance with
the
isions of the Basic Law and legal procedures, and report them to
the
ding Committee of the National People's Congress for the record.
Laws
ted by the legislature which are in accordance with the Basic Law
and
l procedures shall be regarded as valid.
laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be the
Basic
and the laws previously in force in Hong Kong and laws enacted
by the
Kong Special Administrative Region legislature as above.
r the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region,
judicial system previously practised in Hong Kong shall be
maintained
pt for those changes consequent upon the vesting in the courts
of the
Kong Special Administrative Region of the power of
final
dication.
cial power in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
shall be
ed in the courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
The
ts shall exercise judicial power independently and free
from any
rference. Members of the judiciary shall be immune from legal
action
espect of their judicial functions. The courts shall decide
cases in
rdance with the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region
may refer to precedents in other common law jurisdictions.
Judges of
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region courts shall be
appointed by
chief executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
acting
accordance with the recommendation of an independent
commission
osed of local judges, persons from the legal profession and
other
ent persons. Judges shall be chosen by reference to their
judicial
ities and may be recruited from other common law
jurisdictions. A
e may only be removed for inability to discharge the functions
of his
ce, or for misbehaviour, by the chief executive of the
Hong Kong
ial Administrative Region acting in accordance with the
recommendation
tribunal appointed by the chief judge of the court of final
appeal,
isting of not fewer than three local judges.
Additionally, the
intment or removal of principal judges (i. e. those of the
highest
) shall be made by the chief executive with the endorsement of
the
Kong Special Administrative Region legislature and reported
to the
ding Committee of the National People's Congress for the record.
The
em of appointment and removal of judicial officers other than
judges
l be maintained.
power of final judgment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region
l be vested in the court of final appeal in the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region, which may as required invite judges from
other
on law jurisdictions to sit on the court of final appeal.
osecuting authority of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region
l control criminal prosecutions free from any interference.
he basis of the system previously operating in Hong Kong, the
Hong
Special Administrative Region Government shall on its
own make
ision for local lawyers and lawyers from outside the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region to work and practise in the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region.
Central People's Government shall assist or authorise the Hong
Kong
ial Administrative Region Government to make appropriate
arrangements
reciprocal juridical assistance with foreign states.
r the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region,
ic servants previously serving in Hong Kong in all
government
rtment, including the police department, and members of the
judiciary
all remain in employment and continue their service
with pay,
wances, benefits and conditions of service no less
favourable than
re. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region government
shall pay
uch persons who retire or complete their contracts, as well
as to
e who have retired before 1 July 1997, or to their dependants,
all
ions, gratuities, allowances and benefits due to them on terms
no less
urable than before, and irrespective of their nationality or
place of
dence.
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government may employ
British
other foreign nationals previously serving in the public
service in
Kong, and may recruit British and other foreign nationals
holding
anent identity cards of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region to
e as public servants at all levels, except as heads
of major
rnment departments (corresponding to branches or
departments at
etary level) including the police department, and as deputy
heads of
of those departments. The Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region
rnment may also employ British and other foreign nationals as
advisers
overnment departments and, when there is a need, may recruit
qualified
idates from outside the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region to
essional and technical posts in government departments,
The above
l be employed only in their individual capacities and, like
other
ic servants, shall be responsible to the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region Government.
appointment and promotion of public servants shall be on the basis
of
ifications, experience and ability. Hong Kong's previous
system of
uitment, employment, assessment, discipline, training and
management
the public service (including special bodies for appointment, pay
and
itions of service) shall, save for any provisions providing
privileged
tment for foreign nationals, be maintained.
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall deal on its own
with
ncial matters, including disposing of its financial
resources and
ing up its budgets and its final accounts. The Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region shall report its budgets and final accounts to
the
ral People's Government for the record. The Central
People's
rnment shall not levy taxes on the Hong Kong Special
Administrative
on. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall
use its
ncial revenues exclusively for its own purposes and they shall
not be
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湖北省农村能源管理办法
湖北省人民政府
湖北省农村能源管理办法
湖北省人民政府
《湖北省农村能源管理办法》已经1998年12月3日省人民政府常务会议审议通过,现发布施行。
第一条 为加强农村能源管理,合理开发和利用农村能源资源,保护和改善生态环境,根据《中华人民共和国节约能源法》等法律法规,结合本省实际,制定本办法。
第二条 本办法适用于本省行政区域内农村能源建设的监督管理工作。
第三条 本办法所称农村能源,是指农村生产、生活使用的能源,主要包括:沼气和其他生物质气体、秸秆、薪炭林等生物质能;太阳能、风能、地热能、微水发电等可再生能源;轻烃、甲醇等液体燃料。
第四条 省人民政府农业行政主管部门负责全省农村能源建设监督管理工作。县级以上人民政府主管农村能源工作的部门,负责本行政区域内农村能源建设监督管理工作。
县级以上人民政府计划、经贸、工商、技术监督等部门,按照各自职责,做好农村能源建设监督管理工作。
第五条 各级人民政府应当将农村能源建设纳入国民经济和社会发展计划,并按照因地制宜,多能互补,综合利用,讲求效益和开发与节约并举的方针,制订农村能源开发利用规划,组织开发利用。鼓励和支持研究、推广、应用先进实用的农村可再生能源新技术、新成果、新产品以及
农村能源技术服务活动。
第六条 下列农村能源技术应当开发和推广应用:
(一)户用沼气综合利用技术,大中型沼气集中供气技术,城镇工业废水和居民生活污水厌氧处理技术;
(二)太阳能供热用于采暖、干燥、种植、养殖技术;
(三)生物质气化、固化技术;
(四)风力、微水、太阳能发电技术;
(五)薪炭林营造技术;
(六)新型液体燃料开发利用技术;
(七)其他先进实用的农村生产生活节能技术。
第七条 开发和推广、应用农村能源新技术、新成果和新产品,应当同村镇建设、生态农业、环境保护和卫生防疫工作相结合。
第八条 省农村能源主管部门根据需要,制定本省农村能源工程和节能产品的地方标准,经省技术监督部门发布后组织贯彻执行。
第九条 农村能源新技术在示范推广前,应当按《中华人民共和国农业技术推广法》的规定进行鉴定,未经鉴定或者鉴定不合格的,不得示范推广。
第十条 农村能源新产品正式投入生产前,应当按国家有关规定进行鉴定。未经鉴定或者经鉴定不合格的,不得投入生产。
第十一条 农村能源产品生产企业应当建立质量检验机构和质量管理制度,不合格的产品不得出厂销售。
省农村能源产品质量监督检测机构,可按照省技术监督管理部门审批的质量监督检验计划,对本省行政区域内的生产和经营的农村能源产品进行抽查。
第十二条 农村能源产品使用节能质量认证标志,生产企业可根据自愿原则,按照有关规定申请节能产品质量认证,经认证合格并取得节能认证证书后,准许在用能产品或其包装上使用节能质量认证标志。未通过节能质量认证并获得节能质量认证证书的产品,不能冒用节能质量认证产
品标志销售。
第十三条 对下列可能危及人民生命财产安全的农村能源产品实行生产许可证管理。
(一)光电两用太阳能热水器;
(二)沼气和其他可燃生物质气体燃具;
(三)沼气和其他可燃生物质气体贮气设备;
(四)醇基、轻烃和其他民用生活液体燃料及贮装设备燃具。
农村能源产品的生产许可证管理,按照国家和省有关规定执行。
第十四条 在本省行政区域内生产和销售的农村能源产品,应当具有省级或省级以上农村能源产品质检机构检测合格证明或鉴定证书。禁止销售、使用不合格的农村能源产品。
第十五条 任何单位和个人不得生产、销售国家规定淘汰的农业用能设备;不得以任何方式和途径将国家规定淘汰的耗能设备产品转让或引进到农业生产单位和乡镇企业。
第十六条 从事农村能源工程设计、施工的单位和个人,必须按照国家有关规定,取得相应的资质证书,并接受县级以上农村能源主管部门的监督管理。
第十七条 兴建下列农村能源工程,其设计施工方案须经县以上农村能源主管部门会同其他有关部门审核批准:
(一)单池容积100立方米以上的沼气工程;
(二)单机10千瓦以上的风力或太阳能发电装置;
(三)单机1千瓦以上的微型水力发电站;
(四)日供气量300立方米以上的秸秆气化工程;
(五)城镇生活污水沼气净化工程;
(六)100平方米以上的太阳能供热供水工程。
第十八条 农村能源主管部门应当加强对农作物秸秆综合利用的监督管理。秸秆用于还田作肥料的部分,倡导通过发酵处理后饲喂家畜,以粪便或沼肥返回农田。
第十九条 违反本办法有关规定的,《中华人民共和国节约能源法》和其他法律法规对处罚机关和处罚方式有规定的,从其规定。
第二十条 违反本办法有关规定,有下列情形之一的,由县级以上农村能源主管部门给予警告,属非经营性活动的,并可处1000元以下罚款;属经营性活动的,并可处5000元以上1万元以下的罚款。
(一)对实行生产许可证管理的农村能源产品,未经许可或假冒许可证而从事生产的;
(二)无证从事农村能源工程设计和施工的;
(三)应经县以上农村能源主管部门审批的农村能源工程,未经审批擅自建设的。
第二十一条 因生产经营不合格的农村能源产品,擅自从事农村能源工程设计、施工而发生质量事故,以及造成人身伤害或死亡的,由责任单位和个人按有关法律规定予以赔偿。构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。
第二十二条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的,可依法申请复议或向人民法院起诉。当事人逾期不申请复议,也不向人民法院起诉,又不履行处罚决定的,由作出处罚决定的机关依法申请人民法院强制执行。
第二十三条 本办法应用中的问题,由省农业行政主管部门负责解释。
第二十四条 本办法自发布之日起施行。
1998年12月16日